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The verbal morphology of the Kagoshima dialects is heavily marked by numerous distinctive phonological processes, as well as both morphological and lexical differences. The following article deals primarily with the changes and differences affecting the verb conjugations of the central Kagoshima dialect, spoken throughout most of the mainland and especially around Kagoshima City, though notes on peripheral dialects may be added. Like standard Japanese, verbs do not inflect for person or plurality, and come in nine basic stems. However, contrary to the standard language, all verbs ending with the stem ''-ru'' conjugate regularly as consonant-stem verbs, though irregularities are present in other forms. Most notably, the distinction and irregular conjugation pattern of the ''shimo nidan'' or "lower bigrade" ending ''-(y)uru'', which corresponds to standard Japanese ''-eru'', is still preserved in the dialect. However, ''kami nidan'' or "upper bigrade" verbs ending in ''-iru'' have merged with all other verbs ending in ''-ru'', in a similar fashion to other Kyushu dialects like that of Ōita. == Imperfective == The imperfective form, also known as the plain, the dictionary or the non-past form, is primarily used to mark a generic, affirmative action and generally overlaps the present and future tenses in English. So, for instance, a statement like 彼やあそけ行っ ''aya asoke iʔ'' could mean either "he is going over there" or "he will be going over there". Typically, context will provide the meaning, though temporal adverbs such as 今日 ''kyu'' "today", 今 ''inma'' "now" or 明日 ''ashita'' "tomorrow" may be used for clarification. With regards to its conjugation paradigm, the imperfective form ends in ''-u'' for all verbs as in standard Japanese. Notably, however, the resulting stem is reduced according to the dialect's phonological rules. Thus, for vowel stems, ''-u'' will either coalesce with the previous vowel of the verb or become a moraic obstruent, while for nasal stems it reduces to a moraic nasal and for obstruents, a moraic obstruent. This applies to most areas of Kagoshima with some exceptions: namely, the peripheral islands, such as Ōsumi (including Tanegashima) and Koshikijima, do not reduce the endings. When used predicatively, verbs in their imperfective form are commonly appended particles such as ど ''do'' and が ''ga'' in order to add more emphasis to the statement being said. In this way, 俺や書っど ''oya kaddo'' "I will write (it)" adds more insistence or assertion than saying 俺や書っ ''oya kaʔ'' alone. When used attributively, the verb is simply followed directly by the word or phrase it modifies: 書っ人 ''kaʔ futo'' (or ''kaffuto'') "a person who writes". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kagoshima verb conjugations」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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